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Examples of abnormal wave patterns

Example

Cause of problem

Sensor interface malfunction

Wave pattern characteristics

Rectangular wave pattern is output even when the engine
is not started.

Example 2

Cause of problem
Damaged rectifier or vortex generation column

Wave pattern characteristics

Unstablewave pattern with non-uniform frequency:
However,whenanignitionIeakoccursduring
acceleration,thewavepatternwillbedistorted
temporarily; even if the air flow sensor is normal.

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